What is Saison? An In-depth Look at This Unique Beer Style

Saison is an often misunderstood beer style, with a rich history and an evolution into modern and postmodern variants. In this blog we delve into the origins, characteristics and different interpretations of saison, so that you get a better understanding of this unique beer type.

Introduction to Saison 🍻

Saison is not just a beer style; it is a story that unfolds through history. This unique beer has its roots in the farming communities of Belgium and France, where it was originally brewed for seasonal workers. The rich flavors and aromas of saison are the result of centuries of tradition and innovation. This introduction offers a look at what makes saison so special.

What makes Saison unique?

• Complexity: Saison is often a mix of flavors, ranging from fruity to spicy, with a slight sourness.
• Fermentation: The fermentation processes are often mixed, which ensures a dynamic and lively profile.
• Seasonal: Originally brewed for the summer, but now popular all year round.

The History of Saison 📜

The history of saison dates back to the 19th century, when seasonal farm workers in Wallonia and northern France spent their days harvesting crops. These workers often received beer as part of their compensation, leading to the development of the saison style.

Origin of the name

The word 'saison' means 'season' in French, which refers to the time during which the workers performed their duties. During the harvest season, a lot of beer was brewed to both feed and hydrate the workers.

Development over the years

Over the years, saison has developed from a simple, nutritious drink into a complex and refined product. The techniques and ingredients have evolved, resulting in a wide range of styles within the saison category.

The Life of the Cezanne Workers 🚜

The Cézanne workers, or seasonal workers, were the backbone of the region's agriculture. Their hard work in the fields formed the basis for the creation of saison. The lives of these workers were hard, but the beer they received was an important part of their daily routine.

The role of beer in their lives

• Nutrition: Beer served as an important source of calories.
• Hydration: Since clean drinking water was not always available, beer was a safe choice.
• Feelings of community: Sharing beer strengthened the bond between workers.

The Original Fermentation Processes 🍺

The fermentation processes used in the early years of the season were often spontaneous and mixed. This resulted in a wide range of flavors and aromas, which formed the essence of saison.

Spontaneous fermentation

In the early years there was little understanding of microbiology. Brewers relied on the natural yeasts present in the air. This led to unique and often unpredictable results.

Mixed fermentation

In addition to spontaneous fermentation, other techniques were also used, such as adding different types of yeasts and bacteria. This created a complexity that is still appreciated today.

The First Funky Saison 🎉

The rise of craft breweries in the 20th century began a new wave of experimentation within the saison style. The first funky saisons were born from the desire to push the traditional boundaries of the brewing process.

Innovations in brewing techniques

• Use of wood: Many modern saisons are aged in wooden barrels, adding extra depth and complexity.
• Experimenting with ingredients: Brewers started adding unusual ingredients such as herbs and fruit.
• Variation in fermentation: Combining different yeasts for unique flavors became a popular technique.

The Classic Saison: Saison du Pont 🍻

Saison du Pont is often considered the standard for classic saisons. This beer style has greatly influenced the evolution of saison and remains a favorite among beer lovers.

Characteristics of Saison du Pont

• Freshness: This beer is known for its refreshing taste, perfect for hot days.
• Spicy notes: The complex flavors include spicy and fruity notes, with a slight bitterness.
• Balance: The balance between sweetness and sourness makes it a versatile choice for different occasions.

Influence on modern saisons

Saison du Pont not only defined the classic style, but also inspired other brewers to experiment with their own interpretations of saison. This influence is visible in the variety of saisons available today.

The Modern Saison 🌼

The modern saison has undergone a transformation that has pushed the style's traditional boundaries. These varieties are often brighter and less funky than their predecessors, with a focus on specific yeasts and ingredients that enhance the flavor profiles.

Modern brewers experiment with a wide range of hops and grains, resulting in a refreshing and accessible product. These beers are often less alcoholic and focused on drinkability, making them perfect for a variety of occasions.

Characteristics of the Modern Saison

• Clarity: The modern saisons are often crystal clear, in contrast to the traditional cloudy varieties.
• Hop profile: An emphasis on aromatic hops provides fruity and floral notes.
• Alcohol percentage: Many modern saisons have a lower alcohol percentage, making them easier to drink.

Postmodern Saison: A New Approach 🎨

The postmodern saison is an exciting evolution that goes beyond modern interpretations. These beers combine traditional techniques with contemporary flavors and ingredients, creating unique and often unpredictable profiles.

Postmodern saisons are characterized by their creativity and willingness to experiment with unusual ingredients such as herbs, fruits and even vegetables. This leads to a wide range of flavors that continue to surprise consumers.

Characteristics of the Postmodern Saison

• Experimental Ingredients: Brewers often add local and unusual ingredients for unique flavors.
• Complexity: These beers are often layered with different flavors that complement each other.
• Higher alcohol percentages: Many postmodern saisons have a higher alcohol percentage, which adds to the complexity.

Tasting the Postmodern Saison 🍇

Tasting postmodern saisons is an adventure in itself. Every sip can be a new discovery, with flavors ranging from citrusy to earthy and spicy. These beers are often a reflection of the brewer's creativity.

When tasting, it is important to look not only at the taste, but also at the aromas and texture. The combination of these elements makes the experience complete.

What to Expect at the Tasting

• Aromas: Be prepared for an explosion of scent, from fruity to spicy.
• Taste profile: Expect a balance of sweetness and sourness, with a complex finish.
• Texture: Many postmodern saisons have a creamy or sparkling texture that enhances the drinking experience.

Comparisons to Other Beer Styles 🍻

Although saison is a unique beer style, there are similarities with other styles, such as IPAs and Belgian beers. It is interesting to explore the overlap in techniques and ingredients.

For example, as with IPAs, hops can play a prominent role in modern and postmodern saisons. At the same time, they share the complex fermentation processes with traditional Belgian beers.

Comparisons with IPAs

• Hop Use: Both styles use hops to create aroma and flavor, but saisons often have a more balanced profile.
• Drinkability: Modern saisons are often designed with drinkability in mind, similar to many craft IPAs.

Comparisons with Belgian Beers

• Fermentation: Both saisons and Belgian beers use complex fermentation processes.
• Yeast profiles: The yeasts used in both styles can yield similar fruity and spicy flavors.

Conclusion and Future of Saison 🔮

The evolution of saison, from a simple farmhouse ale to a complex and versatile style, is fascinating. The modern and postmodern saisons offer a wide range of flavors and experiences, making them attractive to both new and experienced beer drinkers.

With continued innovations in brewing techniques and ingredients, the future of saison seems promising. Brewers continue to experiment, leading to even more unique and exciting beers.

Saison FAQ ❓

What is the difference between traditional and modern saison?

Traditional saisons are often cloudy and have a funky, complex profile, while modern saisons are brighter and focus more on fruity and floral flavors.

Can saisons be drunk all year round?

Yes, although saison was originally brewed for the summer, modern and postmodern varieties are popular all year round.

What makes a saison unique?

The combination of different fermentation processes, ingredients and the focus on drinkability makes saison a unique beer style.